Lab 1 – MPLS Backbone

 MPLS pada dasarnya terdiri dari 3 jenis router yaitu :

1. Router P (Provider) ▪ Terdapat dalam MPLS Domain, P router terhubung dengan router-router lain yang dimiliki service provider ▪ Pada jaringan MPLS yang tidak terlalu besar terkadang tidak terdapat P router didalamnya untuk menghemat biaya.

2. Router PE (Provider Edge) ▪ Merupakan router yang terhubung langsung dengan router customer dan juga sekaligus dengan router service provider ▪ Menjembatani antara network berbasis IP dengan network berbasis MPLS ▪ Memberikan pelabelan pada paket IP yang masuk ke dalam MPLS Domain ▪ Melepas pelabelan pada paket yang akan keluar dari MPLS Domain ▪ PE Router ini sifatnya harus ada pada setiap jaringan MPLS

3. Router CE (Customer Edge) ▪ Merupakan router yang terdapat di sisi customer ▪ Pada router CE ini tidak terdapat konfigurasi MPLS apapun ▪ Konfigurasi routing biasa, bisa static atau dynamic seperti OSPF / EIGRP

Didalam jaringan MPLS Backbone hanya terdapat pada router P dan router PE, maka model jaringan MPLS yang sederhana dapat berbentuk sebagai berikut :

Untuk konfigurasinya pertama pasang IP address pada setiap interface router.

PE-1:

PE1(config)#int lo0

PE1(config-if)#no sh

PE1(config-if)#

*Nov  4 11:40:07.995: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up

PE1(config-if)#ip add 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.255

PE1(config-if)#int g1/0

PE1(config-if)#no sh

PE1(config-if)#

*Nov  4 11:40:30.891: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

*Nov  4 11:40:31.891: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

PE1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.252

PE1(config-if)#description ###Link to P Router###

P:

P(config)#int lo0

P(config-if)#no sh

*Nov  4 11:42:54.999: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up

P(config-if)#ip add 10.10.10.10 255.255.255.255

P(config-if)#int g1/0

P(config-if)#no sh

P(config-if)#

*Nov  4 11:43:24.127: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

*Nov  4 11:43:25.127: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

P(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.252

P(config-if)#description ###Link to PE1 Router###

P(config-if)#int g2/0

P(config-if)#no sh

P(config-if)#

*Nov  4 11:44:32.699: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet2/0, changed state to up

*Nov  4 11:44:33.699: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet2/0, changed state to up

P(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.252

P(config-if)#description ###Link to PE2 Router###

PE-2:

PE2(config)#int lo0

PE2(config-if)#no sh

*Nov  4 11:46:41.555: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up

PE2(config-if)#ip add 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.255

PE2(config-if)#int g1/0

PE2(config-if)#no sh

PE2(config-if)#

*Nov  4 11:47:16.471: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

*Nov  4 11:47:17.471: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

PE2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.252

PE2(config-if)#description ###Link to P Router###

Setelah semua IP dikonfigurasikan, kemudian lakukan ping ke IP Point to Pointnya.

PE-1:

PE1#ping 192.168.10.2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/21/24 ms

P:

P#ping 192.168.10.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/12/16 ms

P#ping 192.168.20.2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/19/24 ms

PE-2:

PE2#ping 192.168.20.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/25/36 ms

Aktifkan Dynamic Routing (OSPF), agar semua router dalam MPLS Domain dapat saling berkomunikasi satu sama lain.

PE-1:

PE1(config)#router ospf 1

PE1(config-router)#net 192.168.10.1 0.0.0.0 area 0

PE1(config-router)#net 10.10.10.1 0.0.0.0 area 0

Ada 2 network pada PE2 yang diadvertise ke dalam OSPF yaitu

- Network interface loopback dan

- Network interface yang mengarah ke P router

P:

P(config)#router ospf 1

P(config-router)#net 192.168.10.2 0.0.0.0 area 0

P(config-router)#

*Nov  4 11:59:47.547: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.10.10.1 on GigabitEthernet1/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

P(config-router)#net 192.168.20.1 0.0.0.0 area 0

P(config-router)#net 10.10.10.10 0.0.0.0 area 0

Ada 3 network pada Router P yang diadvertise ke dalam OSPF yaitu.

- network interface loopback

- network interface yang mengarah ke PE1 router.

- network interface yang mengarah ke PE2 router.

PE-2:

PE2(config)#router ospf 1

PE2(config-router)#net 192.168.20.2 0.0.0.0 area 0

PE2(config-router)#

*Nov  4 12:03:37.187: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 10.10.10.10 on GigabitEthernet1/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

PE2(config-router)#net 10.10.10.2 0.0.0.0 area 0

Ada 2 network pada Router PE2 yang diadvertise ke dalam OSPF yaitu 

- network interface loopback dan

- network interface yang mengarah ke P router

Setelah semua dikonfigurasi OSPF, selanjutnya kita periksa routing table pada setiap router dengan menggunakan perintah sebagai berikut :

PE-1:

PE1#sh ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

 

      10.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets

C        10.10.10.1 is directly connected, Loopback0

O        10.10.10.2 [110/3] via 192.168.10.2, 00:41:13, GigabitEthernet1/0

O        10.10.10.10 [110/2] via 192.168.10.2, 00:45:06, GigabitEthernet1/0

      192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.10.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

L        192.168.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

      192.168.20.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O        192.168.20.0 [110/2] via 192.168.10.2, 00:45:19, GigabitEthernet1/0

P:

P#sh ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

 

Gateway of last resort is not set

 

      10.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets

O        10.10.10.1 [110/2] via 192.168.10.1, 00:46:19, GigabitEthernet1/0

O        10.10.10.2 [110/2] via 192.168.20.2, 00:41:48, GigabitEthernet2/0

C        10.10.10.10 is directly connected, Loopback0

      192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.10.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

L        192.168.10.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

      192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.20.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet2/0

L        192.168.20.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet2/0

PE-2:

PE2#sh ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

 

      10.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets

O        10.10.10.1 [110/3] via 192.168.20.1, 00:43:04, GigabitEthernet1/0

C        10.10.10.2 is directly connected, Loopback0

O        10.10.10.10 [110/2] via 192.168.20.1, 00:43:04, GigabitEthernet1/0

      192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O        192.168.10.0 [110/2] via 192.168.20.1, 00:43:04, GigabitEthernet1/0

      192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.20.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

L        192.168.20.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

Untuk pengetesan, kita bisa melakukan ping sebagai berikut:

PE-1:

PE1#ping 10.10.10.10

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.10.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/12/16 ms

PE1#ping 10.10.10.2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.10.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/42/44 ms

Selanjutnya aktifkan BGP pada setiap PE Router saja.

PE-1:

PE1(config)#router BGP 65000

PE1(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 remote-as 65000

PE1(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 update-source loopback0

Ketika kita cek pada router PE1, BGP Peering terhadap router PE-2 dikonfigurasikan menggunakan ip loopback. Maka AS Number yang digunakan pada PE1 dan PE2 adalah 65000 yang merupakan private AS Number.

PE-2:

PE2(config)#router bgp 65000

PE2(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 remote-as 65000

*Nov  4 12:52:32.607: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 10.10.10.1 Up

PE2(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 update-source loopback0

Selanjutnya kita verifkasi BGP peeringnya menunjukkan sudah berhasil dengan mengetikan perintah berikut.

PE-1:

PE1#sh ip bgp summary

BGP router identifier 10.10.10.1, local AS number 65000

BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

 

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd

10.10.10.2      4        65000       6       6        1    0    0 00:01:56        0

PE-2:

PE2#sh ip bgp summary

BGP router identifier 10.10.10.2, local AS number 65000

BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

 

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd

10.10.10.1      4        65000       6       6        1    0    0 00:02:29        0

Aktifkan MPLS pada semua router.

PE-1:

PE1(config)#mpls ip

PE1(config)#int g1/0

PE1(config-if)#mpls ip

P:

P(config)#mpls ip

P(config)#int g1/0

P(config-if)#mpls ip

*Nov  4 12:56:54.099: %LDP-5-NBRCHG: LDP Neighbor 10.10.10.1:0 (1) is UP

P(config-if)#int g2/0

P(config-if)#mpls ip

PE-2:

PE2(config)#mpls ip

PE2(config)#int g1/0

PE2(config-if)#mpls ip

PE2(config-if)#

*Nov  4 12:57:43.735: %LDP-5-NBRCHG: LDP Neighbor 10.10.10.10:0 (1) is UP

Setelah dikonfigurasi, untuk pengecekan apakah MPLS sudah aktif dan berjalan dengan baik, gunakan perintah berikut ini. 

PE-1:

PE1#sh mpls forwarding

Local      Outgoing   Prefix           Bytes Label   Outgoing   Next Hop

Label      Label      or Tunnel Id     Switched      interface

16         17         10.10.10.2/32    0             Gi1/0      192.168.10.2

17         Pop Label  10.10.10.10/32   0             Gi1/0      192.168.10.2

18         Pop Label  192.168.20.0/30  0             Gi1/0      192.168.10.2

P:

P#sh mpls forwarding

Local      Outgoing   Prefix           Bytes Label   Outgoing   Next Hop

Label      Label      or Tunnel Id     Switched      interface

16         Pop Label  10.10.10.1/32    381           Gi1/0      192.168.10.1

17         Pop Label  10.10.10.2/32    508           Gi2/0      192.168.20.2

PE-2:

PE2#sh mpls forwarding

Local      Outgoing   Prefix           Bytes Label   Outgoing   Next Hop

Label      Label      or Tunnel Id     Switched      interface

16         16         10.10.10.1/32    0             Gi1/0      192.168.20.1

17         Pop Label  10.10.10.10/32   0             Gi1/0      192.168.20.1

18         Pop Label  192.168.10.0/30  0             Gi1/0      192.168.20.1

Jika kita lihat diatas, terdapat label – label yang digunakan untuk menuju sebuah network. Kita bisa cek ping terlebih dahulu. 

PE-2:

PE2#trace 10.10.10.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 10.10.10.1

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 192.168.20.1 [MPLS: Label 16 Exp 0] 52 msec 20 msec 20 msec

  2 192.168.10.1 44 msec 44 msec 40 msec

PE-2 ketika akan menuju PE1, akan menggunakan label 16 sebelum sampai ke tujuan. Ini artinya MPLS Backbone sudah berhasil.